feat: Updated error handling with problem-json RFC specs

[andrea-deri]

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Motivation and Context

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• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

Checklist:

• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.

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[github-actions]

The default action is to increase the PATCH number of SEMVER. Set IGNORE-FOR-RELEASE if you want to skip SEMVER bump. BREAKING-CHANGE and NEW-RELEASE must be run from GH Actions section manually.

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This PR exceeds the recommended size of 400 lines. Please make sure you are NOT addressing multiple issues with one PR. Note this PR might be rejected due to its size.

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