Pushbutton.cpp

#include "Pushbutton.h"

// constructor; takes arguments specifying whether to enable internal pull-up
// and the default state of the pin that the button is connected to
Pushbutton::Pushbutton(unsigned char pin, unsigned char pullUp, unsigned char defaultState)
{
  _pin = pin;
  _pullUp = pullUp;
  _defaultState = defaultState;
  gsdpState = 0;
  gsdrState = 0;
  gsdpPrevTimeMillis = 0;
  gsdrPrevTimeMillis = 0;
  initialized = false;
}

// wait for button to be pressed
void Pushbutton::waitForPress()
{
  init(); // initialize if necessary

  do
  {
    while (!_isPressed()); // wait for button to be pressed
    delay(10);            // debounce the button press
  }
  while (!_isPressed());   // if button isn't still pressed, loop
}

// wait for button to be released
void Pushbutton::waitForRelease()
{
  init(); // initialize if necessary

  do
  {
    while (_isPressed()); // wait for button to be released
    delay(10);           // debounce the button release
  }
  while (_isPressed());   // if button isn't still released, loop
}

// wait for button to be pressed, then released
void Pushbutton::waitForButton()
{
  waitForPress();
  waitForRelease();
}

// indicates whether button is pressed
boolean Pushbutton::isPressed()
{
  init(); // initialize if necessary

  return _isPressed();
}

// Uses a finite state machine to detect a single button press and returns
// true to indicate the press (false otherwise).  It requires the button to be
// released for at least 15 ms and then pressed for at least 15 ms before
// reporting the press.  This function handles all necessary debouncing and
// should be called repeatedly in a loop.
boolean Pushbutton::getSingleDebouncedPress()
{
  unsigned long timeMillis = millis();

  init(); // initialize if necessary

  switch (gsdpState)
  {
    case 0:
      if (!_isPressed())                  // if button is released
      {
        gsdpPrevTimeMillis = timeMillis;
        gsdpState = 1;                    // proceed to next state
      }
      break;

    case 1:
      if ((timeMillis - gsdpPrevTimeMillis >= 15) && !_isPressed()) // if 15 ms or longer has elapsed and button is still released
        gsdpState = 2;                    // proceed to next state
      else if (_isPressed())
        gsdpState = 0;                    // button is pressed or bouncing, so go back to previous (initial) state
      break;

    case 2:
      if (_isPressed())                   // if button is now pressed
      {
        gsdpPrevTimeMillis = timeMillis;
        gsdpState = 3;                    // proceed to next state
      }
      break;

    case 3:
      if ((timeMillis - gsdpPrevTimeMillis >= 15) && _isPressed())  // if 15 ms or longer has elapsed and button is still pressed
      {
        gsdpState = 0;                    // next state becomes initial state
        return true;                      // report button press
      }
      else if (!_isPressed())
        gsdpState = 2;                    // button is released or bouncing, so go back to previous state
      break;
  }

  return false;
}

// Uses a finite state machine to detect a single button release and returns
// true to indicate the release (false otherwise).  It requires the button to be
// pressed for at least 15 ms and then released for at least 15 ms before
// reporting the release.  This function handles all necessary debouncing and
// should be called repeatedly in a loop.
boolean Pushbutton::getSingleDebouncedRelease()
{
  unsigned int timeMillis = millis();

  init(); // initialize if necessary

  switch (gsdrState)
  {
    case 0:
      if (_isPressed())                   // if button is pressed
      {
        gsdrPrevTimeMillis = timeMillis;
        gsdrState = 1;                    // proceed to next state
      }
      break;

    case 1:
      if ((timeMillis - gsdrPrevTimeMillis >= 15) && _isPressed())  // if 15 ms or longer has elapsed and button is still pressed
        gsdrState = 2;                    // proceed to next state
      else if (!_isPressed())
        gsdrState = 0;                    // button is released or bouncing, so go back to previous (initial) state
      break;

    case 2:
      if (!_isPressed())                  // if button is now released
      {
        gsdrPrevTimeMillis = timeMillis;
        gsdrState = 3;                    // proceed to next state
      }
      break;

    case 3:
      if ((timeMillis - gsdrPrevTimeMillis >= 15) && !_isPressed()) // if 15 ms or longer has elapsed and button is still released
      {
        gsdrState = 0;                    // next state becomes initial state
        return true;                      // report button release
      }
      else if (_isPressed())
        gsdrState = 2;                    // button is pressed or bouncing, so go back to previous state
      break;
  }

  return false;
}

// initializes I/O pin for use as button inputs
void Pushbutton::init2()
{
  if (_pullUp == PULL_UP_ENABLED)
    pinMode(_pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  else
    pinMode(_pin, INPUT); // high impedance

  delayMicroseconds(5); // give pull-up time to stabilize
}

// button is pressed if pin state differs from default state
inline boolean Pushbutton::_isPressed()
{
  return (digitalRead(_pin) == LOW) ^ (_defaultState == DEFAULT_STATE_LOW);
}