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Shodan_Search_Engine.py
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Shodan_Search_Engine.py
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from file_locations import shodan_logger, shodan_cobalt_strike_simplified_export_csv, \
shodan_cobalt_strike_certificate_export_csv, shodan_cobalt_strike_watermark_export_csv, \
shodan_cobalt_strike_port_hash_export_csv, shodan_cobalt_strike_port_jarm_and_defaults_csv, \
shodan_hosts_csv, shodan_metasploit_csv, shodan_main_aggregator_csv
import os
import pandas as pd
import shodan
from shodan import Shodan
import time
# Create start time
start_time = time.time()
# Make df more reader friendly in 'Run' window
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', None)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', None)
pd.set_option('expand_frame_repr', False)
class ShodanSearchEngine:
# Cobalt Strike Characteristics
shodan_cobalt_strike_search_simplified = 'product:Cobalt Strike Beacon' # Easiest and low false-positive search
# These certs when tested on 12/2/22, 12/3/22, & 12/4/22 returned less than 400 total results without other filters
cobalt_strike_certificates = [
'ssl.cert.serial:146473198', # This is the default Team Server Serial
'ssl.cert.serial:305419896', # Cracked version
'ssl.cert.serial:1873433027', # Cracked version
'ssl.cert.serial:16777216', # Cracked version
'ssl.cert.serial:1359593325', # Cracked version
'ssl.cert.serial:8BB00EE',
'ssl.6ECE5ECE4192683D2D84E25B0BA7E04F9CB7EB7C'
]
cobalt_strike_watermarks = [
'watermark:-1879048192',
'watermark:0',
'watermark:1',
'watermark:6',
'watermark:8848',
'watermark:12345',
'watermark:100000',
'watermark:574247',
'watermark:666666',
'watermark:1755231',
'watermark:16777216',
'watermark:76803050',
'watermark:206546002',
'watermark:305419896',
'watermark:391144938',
'watermark:426352781',
'watermark:668694132',
'watermark:674054486',
'watermark:987654321',
'watermark:1234567890',
'watermark:1359593325',
'watermark:1359593325',
'watermark:1580103814',
'watermark:1580103824',
'watermark:1873433027',
'watermark:2130772225',
]
# Use both port and hash in conjunction
cobalt_strike_port = 'port:50050'
cobalt_strike_hash = 'hash:-2007783223'
# Use the below to filter JARMS. JARMS without additional filters will return too many values
cobalt_strike_content_length = 'Content-Length:0'
cobalt_strike_content_type = 'Content-Type: text/plain'
cobalt_strike_default_404_response = 'HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found'
Cobalt_Strike_JARMS = [
'00014d16d21d21d00042d41d00041df1e57cd0b3bf64d18696fb4fce056610',
'00014d16d21d21d07c42d41d00041d47e4e0ae17960b2a5b4fd6107fbb0926',
'05d02d16d04d04d05c05d02d05d04d4606ef7946105f20b303b9a05200e829',
'05d02d20d21d20d05c05d02d05d20dd7fc4c7c6ef19b77a4ca0787979cdc13',
'05d13d20d21d20d05c05d13d05d20dd7fc4c7c6ef19b77a4ca0787979cdc13',
'07d00016d21d21d00042d41d00041df1e57cd0b3bf64d18696fb4fce056610',
'07d0bd0fd06d06d07c07d0bd07d06d9b2f5869a6985368a9dec764186a9175',
'07d0bd0fd21d21d07c07d0bd07d21d9b2f5869a6985368a9dec764186a9175',
'07d13d15d21d21d07c07d13d07d21dd7fc4c7c6ef19b77a4ca0787979cdc13',
'07d14d16d21d21d00007d14d07d21d3fe87b802002478c27f1c0da514dbf80',
'07d14d16d21d21d00042d41d00041d47e4e0ae17960b2a5b4fd6107fbb0926',
'07d14d16d21d21d00042d41d00041de5fb3038104f457d92ba02e9311512c2',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c07d14d07d21d4606ef7946105f20b303b9a05200e829',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c07d14d07d21d9b2f5869a6985368a9dec764186a9175',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c07d14d07d21dee4eea372f163361c2623582546d06f8',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c42d41d00041d24a458a375eef0c576d23a7bab9a9fb1',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c42d41d00041d58c7162162b6a603d3d90a2b76865b53',
'07d14d16d21d21d07c42d43d00041d24a458a375eef0c576d23a7bab9a9fb1',
'07d19d1ad21d21d00007d19d07d21d25f4195751c61467fa54caf42f4e2e61',
'15d15d15d3fd15d00042d42d00042d1279af56d3d287bbc5d38e226153ba9e',
'15d3fd16d21d21d00042d43d000000fe02290512647416dcf0a400ccbc0b6b',
'15d3fd16d29d29d00015d3fd15d29d1f9d8d2d24bf6c1a8572e99c89f1f5f0',
'15d3fd16d29d29d00042d43d000000ed1cf37c9a169b41886e27ba8fad60b0',
'15d3fd16d29d29d00042d43d000000fbc10435df141b3459e26f69e76d5947',
'15d3fd16d29d29d00042d43d000000fe02290512647416dcf0a400ccbc0b6b',
'16d16d16d00000022c43d43d00043d370cd49656587484eb806b90846875a0',
'1dd28d28d00028d00042d41d00041df1e57cd0b3bf64d18696fb4fce056610',
'1dd28d28d00028d1dc1dd28d1dd28d3fe87b802002478c27f1c0da514dbf80',
'21b10b00021b21b21b21b10b21b21b3b0d229d76f2fd7cb8e23bb87da38a20',
'21d10d00021d21d21c21d10d21d21d696c1bb221f80034f540b6754152d3b8',
'21d19d00021d21d21c42d43d000000624c0617d7b1f32125cdb5240cd23ec9',
'29d29d00029d29d00029d29d29d29de1a3c0d7ca6ad8388057924be83dfc6a',
'29d29d00029d29d08c29d29d29d29dcd113334714fbefb4b0aba4000bcef62',
'29d29d00029d29d21c29d29d29d29dce7a321e4956e8298ba917e9f2c22849',
'29d29d15d29d29d21c29d29d29d29d7329fbe92d446436f2394e041278b8b2',
'2ad00016d2ad2ad22c42d42d00042ddb04deffa1705e2edc44cae1ed24a4da',
'2ad2ad0002ad2ad0002ad2ad2ad2ade1a3c0d7ca6ad8388057924be83dfc6a',
'2ad2ad0002ad2ad00042d42d000000301510f56407964db9434a9bb0d4ee4a',
'2ad2ad0002ad2ad00042d42d0000005d86ccb1a0567e012264097a0315d7a7',
'2ad2ad0002ad2ad22c2ad2ad2ad2ad6a7bd8f51d54bfc07e1cd34e5ca50bb3',
'2ad2ad0002ad2ad22c2ad2ad2ad2adce7a321e4956e8298ba917e9f2c22849',
'2ad2ad16d2ad2ad00042d42d00042ddb04deffa1705e2edc44cae1ed24a4da',
'2ad2ad16d2ad2ad22c42d42d00042d58c7162162b6a603d3d90a2b76865b53',
'2ad2ad16d2ad2ad22c42d42d00042de4f6cde49b80ad1e14c340f9e47ccd3a',
'3fd3fd15d3fd3fd00042d42d00000061256d32ed7779c14686ad100544dc8d',
'3fd3fd15d3fd3fd21c3fd3fd3fd3fdc110bab2c0a19e5d4e587c17ce497b15',
'3fd3fd15d3fd3fd21c42d42d0000006f254909a73bf62f6b28507e9fb451b5'
]
def __init__(self, api_value):
self.api = Shodan(api_value)
self.cobalt_strike_simplified_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.main_certificate_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.watermark_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.port_hash_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.main_jarm_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.metasploit_df = pd.DataFrame()
self.columns_to_keep = ['ip_str', 'hostnames']
self.metasploit_columns_to_keep = ['ip_str', 'hostnames', 'Server_Type']
self.shodan_team_server_basic()
self.shodan_team_server_certificates()
self.shodan_team_server_watermarks()
self.shodan_team_server_port_hash()
self.shodan_team_server_jarm_and_defaults()
self.metasploit_cn = 'ssl.cert.issuer.cn:MetasploitSelfSignedCA'
self.metasploit_port = 'port:3790'
self.metasploit()
# Aggregate all information
self.hostname_aggregator()
def shodan_team_server_basic(self):
try:
# Pull results
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'{ShodanSearchEngine.shodan_cobalt_strike_search_simplified}')
# Import generator into df
cobalt_strike_simplified_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
# Send df to file location
cobalt_strike_simplified_df.to_csv(shodan_cobalt_strike_simplified_export_csv, index=False)
shodan_logger.info(f'Total default simplified Cobalt Strike results are '
f'{cobalt_strike_simplified_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute so far.')
shodan_logger.info(f'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Return cobalt_strike_simplified_df
self.cobalt_strike_simplified_df = cobalt_strike_simplified_df[self.columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
logging.error(f'The Shodan API Error for simplified default is: {e}')
def shodan_team_server_certificates(self):
try:
# Loop through Cobalt Strike Certificates
for certificate in ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_certificates:
# Return results
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'{certificate}')
# Create certificate df from results
certificate_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
# If we find any results append to main df
if certificate_df.shape[0] != 0:
# main_certificate_df = main_certificate_df.append(certificate_df)
self.main_certificate_df = pd.concat([self.main_certificate_df, certificate_df], ignore_index=True,
sort=False)
shodan_logger.info(f'Total certificate Cobalt Strike results are {certificate_df.shape[0]} '
f'for {certificate}')
else:
shodan_logger.warning(f'Total certificate Cobalt Strike results are {certificate_df.shape[0]} '
f'for {certificate}')
# Send Cobalt Strike Certificate Export file
self.main_certificate_df.to_csv(shodan_cobalt_strike_certificate_export_csv, index=False)
# Logger info
shodan_logger.info(f'Total Cobalt Strike servers found via default and cracked certificates are '
f'{self.main_certificate_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute so far.')
shodan_logger.info(f'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Return main_certificate_df
self.main_certificate_df = self.main_certificate_df[self.columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
shodan_logger.error(f'The Shodan API Error certificate is: {e}')
def shodan_team_server_watermarks(self):
try:
for watermark in ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_watermarks:
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'{watermark}')
# Create watermark df from results
watermark_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
# Send Cobalt Strike Watermark Export file
watermark_df.to_csv(shodan_cobalt_strike_watermark_export_csv, index=False)
# Logger info
shodan_logger.info(f'Total Cobalt Strike servers found via {watermark} are {watermark_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute so far.')
shodan_logger.info(f'---------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Return watermark df
self.watermark_df = watermark_df[self.columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
shodan_logger.error(f'The Shodan API Error for watermark is: {e}')
def shodan_team_server_port_hash(self):
try:
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_port} '
f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_hash}')
# Create Cobalt Strike Port Hash df
port_hash_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
# Send Cobalt Strike Port Hash Export file
port_hash_df.to_csv(shodan_cobalt_strike_port_hash_export_csv, index=False)
# Logger info
shodan_logger.info(f'Total Cobalt Strike servers found via {ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_port} & '
f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_hash} is '
f'{port_hash_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute so far.')
shodan_logger.info(f'------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Return port_hash_df
self.port_hash_df = port_hash_df[self.columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
logging.error(f'The Shodan API Error for port hash is: {e}')
def shodan_team_server_jarm_and_defaults(self):
try:
# Create main_jarm_df
main_jarm_df = pd.DataFrame()
for jarm in ShodanSearchEngine.Cobalt_Strike_JARMS:
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'ssl.jarm:{jarm} '
f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_content_length} '
f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_content_type} '
f'{ShodanSearchEngine.cobalt_strike_default_404_response}')
temp_jarm_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
if temp_jarm_df.shape[0] != 0:
# Concat main and temporary df
main_jarm_df = pd.concat([main_jarm_df, temp_jarm_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
shodan_logger.info(
f'Cobalt Strike results from jarm {jarm} and default settings is '
f'{temp_jarm_df.shape[0]}')
else:
shodan_logger.warning(f'No results found for jarm {jarm} and default settings. Total count remains '
f'the same at {main_jarm_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute so far.')
shodan_logger.info(f'-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Export main_jarm_df to CSV
main_jarm_df.to_csv(shodan_cobalt_strike_port_jarm_and_defaults_csv, index=False)
# Return main_jarm_df
self.main_jarm_df = main_jarm_df[self.columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
logging.error(f'The Shodan API Error for jarm and defaults is: {e}')
def metasploit(self):
try:
results = self.api.search_cursor(f'{self.metasploit_cn} '
f'{self.metasploit_port}')
# Create metasploit_df from results
metasploit_df = pd.DataFrame(results)
# Send Metasploit Export file
metasploit_df[self.columns_to_keep].to_csv(shodan_metasploit_csv, index=False)
# Logger info
shodan_logger.info(f'Total Metasploit servers found via {self.metasploit_cn} '
f'and {self.metasploit_port} are: {metasploit_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute.')
shodan_logger.info(f'---------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
# Return metasploit_df
metasploit_df['Server_Type'] = 'Metasploit Server'
self.metasploit_df = metasploit_df[self.metasploit_columns_to_keep]
except ShodanSearchEngine.APIError as e:
shodan_logger.error(f'The Shodan API Error for Metasploit is: {e}')
def hostname_aggregator(self):
try:
master_df = pd.DataFrame()
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.cobalt_strike_simplified_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.main_certificate_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.watermark_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.port_hash_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.main_jarm_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
# Create new column for Cobalt Strike Team Servers
master_df['Server_Type'] = 'Cobalt Strike Team Server'
master_df = pd.concat([master_df, self.metasploit_df], ignore_index=True, sort=False)
# Remove duplicates in 'ip_str'
shodan_logger.info(f'Total malicious IPs before dropping duplicates is {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df = master_df.drop_duplicates(subset='ip_str', keep='first')
shodan_logger.info(f'Total malicious IPs after dropping duplicates is {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df.to_csv(shodan_main_aggregator_csv, index=False)
shodan_logger.info(f'Rows before manipulation are: {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df = master_df.explode('hostnames')
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].astype(str)
# master_df = master_df.drop(df[~(df['hostnames'] != '[]')].index)
shodan_logger.info(f'Rows after removing empty lists are: {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].astype(str)
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].str.replace('[', '', regex=False)
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].str.replace(']', '', regex=False)
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].str.replace("'", "", regex=False)
master_df['hostnames'] = master_df['hostnames'].str.replace(" ", "", regex=False)
master_df = master_df.sort_values(by=['hostnames'])
master_df = master_df['hostnames'].str.split(',').explode('hostnames').reset_index(drop=True)
shodan_logger.info(f'Rows after exploding lists are: {master_df.shape[0]}')
shodan_logger.info(f'Before duplicates are dropped are: {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df.drop_duplicates(keep='first', inplace=True)
shodan_logger.info(f'After duplicates are dropped are: {master_df.shape[0]}')
master_df.to_csv(shodan_hosts_csv, index=False)
shodan_logger.info(f'Code took {((time.time() - start_time) / 60):.3f} minutes to execute.')
shodan_logger.info(f'---------------------------------------------------------------------------------')
shodan_logger.info(f'\n')
except Exception as e:
shodan_logger.error(f'Error for domain_hostname_aggregator function is: {e}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Insert API here
api = ''
ShodanSearchEngine(api)